# Manage versioning in Bucket

By default, **Object Storage Service does not provide backup capabilities**. That means that if you delete an object incidentally, it is not possible to restore it.

Versioning means of keeping multiple variants of an object in the same **Bucket**. You can use the S3 Versioning feature to preserve, retrieve, and restore every version of every object stored in your **Bucket**.

With versioning you can recover more easily from both unintended user actions and application failures.

Versioning-enabled **Buckets** can help you recover objects from accidental deletion or overwrite. For example, if you delete an object, a delete marker is created instead of removing the object permanently.

The delete marker becomes the current object version. If you overwrite an object, it results in a new object version in the **Bucket**.

By default, **S3 Versioning is disabled on buckets**, and you must explicitly enable it. To manage Bucket and Object versioning, you can you can use the **AWS CLI** or any compatible tools or SDK.

## Billing

You will be charged of space being used by older versions of your objects.

## Limitation

We suggest keep the object version less than **50k**. You can use a **lifecycle configuration** to delete versions of your objects.

## Get current versioning state of a bucket <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-getcurrentversioningstateofabucket" id="usingversioningbuckets-getcurrentversioningstateofabucket"></a>

{% hint style="info" %}
We use **`aws s3`** and **`aws s3api`** command line tools from AWSCLIv2 on Linux.

**`${S3_ENDPOINT}`** and **`${S3_PROFILE}`** are environment variables
{% endhint %}

If the versioning state has never been set on a **Bucket**, it has no versioning state. Using aws s3api **AWS CLI,** `get-bucket-versioning`, will return nothing:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws s3api --endpoint-url=${S3_ENDPOINT} get-bucket-versioning --bucket my-bucket --profile ${S3_PROFILE}
```

{% endcode %}

For a Bucket with versioning **enabled**:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws s3api --endpoint-url=${S3_ENDPOINT} get-bucket-versioning --bucket my-bucket --profile ${S3_PROFILE}
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "Status": "Enabled"
}
```

{% endcode %}

For a Bucket with versioning **suspended**:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws s3api --endpoint-url=${S3_ENDPOINT} get-bucket-versioning --bucket my-bucket --profile ${S3_PROFILE}
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "Status": "Suspended"
}
```

{% endcode %}

## Enable versioning on buckets <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-enableversioningonbuckets" id="usingversioningbuckets-enableversioningonbuckets"></a>

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws s3api --endpoint-url=${S3_ENDPOINT} put-bucket-versioning --bucket my-bucket --versioning-configuration Status=Enabled --profile ${S3_PROFILE}
```

{% endcode %}

## Suspend versioning on buckets <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-suspendversioningonbuckets" id="usingversioningbuckets-suspendversioningonbuckets"></a>

Once versioning enable on a bucket it can't be remove. But you have the possibility to suspend it.

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws s3api --endpoint-url=${S3_ENDPOINT} put-bucket-versioning --bucket my-bucket --versioning-configuration Status=Suspended --profile ${S3_PROFILE}
```

{% endcode %}

## Manage Objects versions <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-manageobjectsversions" id="usingversioningbuckets-manageobjectsversions"></a>

### List Objects versions <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-listobjectsversions" id="usingversioningbuckets-listobjectsversions"></a>

You can use the `list-object-versions` from **s3 api** from **AWSCLI**:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api list-object-versions --bucket my-bucket --prefix feather.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" lineNumbers="true" %}

```json
{
    "Versions": [
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427517621",
            "IsLatest": true,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:57.621Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        },
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427487088",
            "IsLatest": false,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:27.088Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        }
    ]
}
```

{% endcode %}

To get a specific version of an object using get-object and `--version-id <Version ID>`

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api get-object --bucket my-bucket --key feather.ttf --version-id 1666427487088 feather_1666427487088.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "LastModified": "Sat, 22 Oct 2022 08:31:27 GMT",
    "ContentLength": 81512,
    "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
    "VersionId": "1666427487088",
    "ContentType": "font/ttf",
    "Metadata": {}
}
```

{% endcode %}

### Delete an Object in a versioning Bucket <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-deleteanobjectinaversioningbucket" id="usingversioningbuckets-deleteanobjectinaversioningbucket"></a>

When you delete an object in a versioning Bucket, a `delete marker` is created and become the current version of the object:

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${S3_PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api delete-object --bucket my-bucket --key feather.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "DeleteMarker": true,
    "VersionId": "1666428023859"
}
```

{% endcode %}

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api list-object-versions --bucket my-bucket --prefix feather.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" lineNumbers="true" %}

```json
{
    "Versions": [
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427517621",
            "IsLatest": false,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:57.621Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        },
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427487088",
            "IsLatest": false,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:27.088Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        }
    ],
    "DeleteMarkers": [
        {
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            },
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666428023859",
            "IsLatest": true,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:40:23.859Z"
        }
    ]
}
```

{% endcode %}

### Restore Objects <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-restoreyourobjects" id="usingversioningbuckets-restoreyourobjects"></a>

The `delete marker` has a version id too, you can delete it using its version ID in order to restore your object.

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${S3_PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api delete-object --bucket my-bucket --key feather.ttf --version-id 1666428023859
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "DeleteMarker": true,
    "VersionId": "1666428023859"
}
```

{% endcode %}

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api list-object-versions --bucket my-bucket --prefix feather.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" lineNumbers="true" %}

```json
{
    "Versions": [
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427517621",
            "IsLatest": true,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:57.621Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        },
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427487088",
            "IsLatest": false,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:27.088Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        }
    ]
}
```

{% endcode %}

### Delete a specific version of an Object <a href="#usingversioningbuckets-deleteaspecificversionofanobject" id="usingversioningbuckets-deleteaspecificversionofanobject"></a>

You can delete a specific version on an object. If the specified version is not the current version, the object version is deleted and no `delete marker` is created.

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${S3_PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api delete-object --bucket my-bucket --key feather.ttf --version-id 1666427487088
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" %}

```json
{
    "VersionId": "1666427487088"
}
```

{% endcode %}

{% code overflow="wrap" %}

```bash
aws --profile=${PROFILE} --endpoint ${S3_ENDPOINT} s3api list-object-versions --bucket my-bucket --prefix feather.ttf
```

{% endcode %}

{% code title="Output" lineNumbers="true" %}

```json
{
    "Versions": [
        {
            "ETag": "\"2232dadea2f05fa28e3f08b5b3346df9\"",
            "Size": 81512,
            "StorageClass": "STANDARD",
            "Key": "feather.ttf",
            "VersionId": "1666427517621",
            "IsLatest": true,
            "LastModified": "2022-10-22T08:31:57.621Z",
            "Owner": {
                "DisplayName": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm",
                "ID": "fwd37xbv8237hyhx2wkm"
            }
        }
    ]
}
```

{% endcode %}